This standard prescribes minimum requirements for the design, construction, and use of fixed ladders, and sets forth requirements for cages, wells, and ladder safety systems used with fixed ladders, in order to minimize personal injuries. All parts and appurtenances necessary for a safe and efficient ladder shall be considered integral parts of the design.
B20.1 applies to the design, construction, installation, maintenance, inspection, and operation of conveyors and conveying systems in relation to hazards. The conveyors may be of the bulk material, package, or unit handling types where the installation is
This standard sets forth safety requirements in industrial and workplace situations for protecting persons in areas/places where danger exists of persons or objects falling from elevated walking and work surfaces such as floor, roof or wall openings, platforms, runways, ramps, fixed stairs or roofs in normal, temporary and emergency conditions.
This standard covers machines, equipment and processes in which the unexpected energization or start-up of the machines or equipment, release of stored energy or the actions of persons could result in harm.
This standard provides performance requirements for the design, construction, installation, operation, and maintenance of the risk reduction measures listed below when applied to machines -inherently safe by design (see clause 7); engineering controls – guards (see clause 8); engineering controls – control functions (see clause 9); engineering controls – devices (see clause 10); administrative controls (see clause 11).
The purpose of this guideline is to provide a uniform approach to ergonomic considerations for machine tools within the workplace. This document addresses those considerations which will assist in design, installation and use of manufacturing systems, including individual and integrated machine tools and auxiliary components.
La prΘsente Norme europΘenne dΘfinit en dΘtail les domaines des machines d'emballage. Les machines dΘfinies tombent dans les groupes gΘnΘraux suivants :*- remplisseuses (machines α remplir) ;*- fermeuses ;*- Θtiqueteuses, dΘcoreuses et codeuses ;*- laveuses, stΘrilisateurs (α enrayer les microorganismes), refroidisseurs et sΘchoirs ;*- remplisseuses/scelleuses ;*- testeurs (vΘrificateurs) ;*- machines de manutention pour les contenants et les composants d'emballage ;*- formeuses/remplisseuses/scelleuses ;*- encartonneuses ;*- fardeleuses/enveloppeuses ;*- machines de groupe ou d'emballage secondaire ;*- palettiseurs, dΘpalletiseurs et Θquipements auxiliaires ;*- machines d'emballage de palettes ;*- cercleuses.*La prΘsente partie de l'EN 415 indique la partie appropriΘe de l'EN 415 spΘcifique α une machine, ou une autre norme appropriΘe, dans laquelle les prescriptions de sΘcuritΘ pour traiter les risques associΘs α ces machines peuvent Ωtre trouvΘes.
This European Standard gives general requirements for packaging machines which are defined in the scope of EN 415 1 or are in the scope of another relevant machine specific part of EN 415. When used together with a relevant machine specific part of EN 415, it gives the requirements for that specific type of machine.*This document deals with safety requirements and their verification for design, construction, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of packaging machines when used as intended and under the conditions of misuse foreseeable by a manufacturer.*The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered is indicated in Clause 4.*The hazards on a specific machine can vary depending on its working principle; the type, size and mass of the product; the packaging material; auxiliary equipment attached to the machine and the environment in which the machine is used. If the machine presents hazards that are not dealt with in this standard, the manufacturer should assess these hazards by using the principles detailed in EN ISO 12100:2010. Such deviations or additions are outside the scope of this standard.*Exclusions*This European Standard is not applicable to the following:*- machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.*This standard does not consider the following:*- the risk resulting from the use of machines in public accessed areas.*NOTE For machines used in public accessed areas different or additional requirements can apply. It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to identify such additional risks, which are outside the scope of this standard or such deviating risks which arise from this specific use, and provide suitable protective measures in accordance with EN ISO 12100.*- the use of packaging machines in potentially explosive atmospheres;*- specific health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that may be handled by the ma ...
This standard specifies the safety requirements for the design and manufacture of pre-formed rigid container packaging machinery and the information that should be made available to the user of these machines.
This document establishes safety requirements for the main types of form, fill and seal machines, fill and seal machines and the filling machines which are frequently fitted to these machines.*Form fill and seal machines within the scope of this document are:*- flow wrapping machine;*- vertical form, fill and seal machine;*- horizontal sachet form, fill and seal machine;*- thermoform, fill and seal machine;*- tubular bag form, fill and seal machine;*- mandrel form, fill and seal machine.*Fill and seal machines within the scope of this document are:*- pre-made bag, erect, fill and seal machine;*- cup or tub fill and seal machine;*- sack fill and seal machine.*Filling machines commonly fitted to form, fill and seal machines and fill and seal machines within the scope of this document are:*- auger filler;*- volumetric cup filler;*- nett weigher;*- multi-head weigher.*Other types of form, fill and seal machine which are described in 3.3 have similar hazards to these machines and Clause 4 indicates which clauses of this document are applicable to these machines.*This document covers the safety requirements for machine design, construction and all phases of life of the machines including installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning.*This document applies to machines manufactured after the date of publication of this document.*This document does not apply to:*- blow mould fill and seal machines;*- bulk container fill and seal machines;*- cartoning machines;*- food depositors, including volumetric piston depositors in the scope of EN 15180;*- thermoforming machines in the scope of EN 12409.*This document does not consider: *- hazards due to the products packed in these machines, but does consider the hazards caused by dusts, modified atmosphere gases, and flammable products;*- hazards resulting from the operation of the machines in a potentially explosive atmosphere.
This standard specifies the safety requirements for the design, manufacture and information for safe use of palletisers, depalletisers, and stackers/unstackers of empty pallets integrated or not into a (de)palletiser as defined in 3.1. In many respects palletisers and depalletisers present the same risks. In this text they are referred to together as (de)palletisers. These safety requirements apply to automatic and semi-automatic (de)palletisers. They take into account the hazards which may occur during setting, commissioning and decommissioning, adjustment, use according to the information given by the manufacturer, maintenance (both preventive and repair) and cleaning.
This standard specifies the safety requirements for the design, manufacture and information for safe use of palletisers, depalletisers, and stackers/unstackers of empty pallets integrated or not into a (de)palletiser as defined in 3.1. In many respects palletisers and depalletisers present the same risks. In this text they are referred to together as (de)palletisers. These safety requirements apply to automatic and semi-automatic (de)palletisers. They take into account the hazards which may occur during setting, commissioning and decommissioning, adjustment, use according to the information given by the manufacturer, maintenance (both preventive and repair) and cleaning.
This European Standard applies to the following groups of machines:*- wrapping machines which partially wrap products (see Figures 1-4)*- wrapping machines which form a complete wrap without sealing (see Figures 5-7)*- wrapping machines which form a complete wrap with sealing (see Figures 8-14)*- shrinking equipment which is connected to wrapping machines covered by this standard (see Figures 15-16)*The individual machines are described in 3.2 of this standard.*This European Standard deals with safety requirements for machine design, construction, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of wrapping machines.*The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in Clause 4 of this document.*Exclusions:*This standard is not applicable to larger examples of wrapping machines designed to handle products higher than 400 mm and wider than 400 mm. These machines are covered by EN 415-6.*This document is not applicable to wrapping machines which are manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.*This standard does not consider the following hazards:*- Use of wrapping machines in potentially explosive atmospheres;*- Health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that may be handled by the machines but does include general advice on this subject;*- Hazards that may be associated with electromagnetic emissions from wrapping machines;*- Hazards that may be associated with decommissioning wrapping machines.
This European Standard applies to the following groups of machines:*- pallet banding machines;*- stretch film pallet wrapping machines;*- stretch film hood application machines;*- mobile stretch film wrapping machines;*- semi automatic self driving stretch film wrapping machines;*- shrink film pallet wrapping machines;*- shrink film hood application machines;*- film removing machines;*- shrinking systems;*- sleeve wrapping machines for product greater than 400 mm in one direction;*- product centralising machines.*The individual machines are described in 3.2. *This standard deals with safety requirements for machine design, construction, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of pallet wrapping machines.*The extents to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in Clause 4.*Exclusions*This European Standard is not applicable to the following machines:*- machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN;*- pallet strapping machines and destrapping machines. These machines are within the scope of*EN 415-8;*- conveying systems that connect packaging machines with each other, but includes conveying systems that are part of the machines.*This standard does not consider the following hazards:*- the use of pallet wrapping machines in potentially explosive atmospheres;*- the health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that may be handled by the machines, but does include general advice on this subject;*- hazards that may be associated with electromagnetic emissions from pallet wrapping machines; *- hazards that may be associated with decommissioning pallet wrapping machines.
This European Standard applies to the following groups of machines:*Group and secondary packaging machines and the collating systems associated with them.*The individual machines are described in 3.2 of this European Standard.*This European Standard deals with safety requirements for machine design, construction, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of group and secondary packaging machines.*The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered, are indicated in Clause 4.*Exclusions*This European Standard is not applicable to the following machines:*- machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN;*- strapping machines. These machines are covered by EN 415-8;*- crate loaders and un-loaders for pre-formed rigid containers. These machines are covered by *EN 415-2;*- cartoning machines. Cartoning machines are covered by EN 415-3.*This European Standard does not consider the following hazards:*- use of group and secondary packaging machines in potentially explosive atmospheres;*- health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that may be handled by the machines, but does include general advice on this subject;*- hazards that may be associated with electromagnetic emissions from group and secondary packaging machines;*- hazards that may be associated with decommissioning group and secondary packaging machines.
This European Standard applies to the following groups of machines:*- powered hand strapping tools;*- semi-automatic strapping machines;*- automatic strapping machines;*- horizontal pallet strapping machines;*- vertical pallet strapping machines.*The individual machines are described in 3.3.*This European Standard deals with safety requirements for machine design, construction, installation, commissioning, operation, adjustment, maintenance and cleaning of strapping machines.*The extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered, are indicated in Clause 4.*Exclusions*This European Standard is not applicable to the following machines:*- strapping tools that are powered exclusively by manual effort;*- strapping machines that were manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.*This European Standard does not consider the following hazards:*- the use of strapping machines in potentially explosive atmospheres;*- the health, safety or hygiene hazards associated with the products that may be handled by the machines, but does include general advice on this subject;*- hazards that can be associated with electromagnetic emissions from strapping machines;*- hazards that can be associated with decommissioning strapping machines.
This standard specifies all the information necessary to carry out efficiently and under defined conditions the determination, information and verification of airborne noise emission from packaging machine covered by EN 415-1.*This measurement method specifies procedures for the determination of emission sound pressure levels at work station, at other specified positions and the sound power level on the basis of both the sound pressure level method and the sound intensity method. It also specifies installation and operating conditions.*This standard applies to machines covered by EN 415-1 as well as for any other packaging machine which are not covered by any other specific noise test code as well as for machines being part of packaging line. In such cases, all information relating to the assembly, installation and to the operating conditions as well as the arrangement of the work station shall be recorded and reported in the test report.*Noise emission characteristics include the following data:*- emission sound pressure level at work station and at other specified positions;*- sound power emitted by machine.*Both can be used:*- to determine the noise emitted by machine;*- to inform on the noise emitted by the machine;*- to verify the noise emitted by the machine.*Noise emission values permit comparison of packaging machines on the market.*The use of this standard ensures the reproducibility of the determination of the characteristic noise emissions values within specific limits which will be determined by the grade of accuracy of the noise emission measuring method used.
1.1 This European standard deals with the technical requirements to minimise the hazards listed in Clause 4 and Annex B. These hazards can arise during the operation and maintenance of continuous handling equipment and systems when carried out in accordance with the specifications given by the manufacturer or his authorised representative. This standard deals with safety related technical verification during commissioning. *1.2 This standard applies to mechanical handling devices defined in Clause 3, singly or combined to form a conveyor system, and designed exclusively for moving unit loads continuously on a predefined route from the loading to the unloading points, possibly with varying speed or cyclically. In general, it also applies to conveyors which are built into machines or attached to machines.*1.3 Safety requirements and/or measures in this standard apply to equipment used in all environments. However, additional risk assessments and safety measures need to be considered for uses in severe conditions, e.g. freezer applications, high temperatures, corrosive environments, strong magnetic fields, potentially explosive atmospheres, radioactive conditions and loads the nature of which could lead to a dangerous situation (e.g. molten metal, acids/bases, specially brittle loads, explosives) operation on ships and earthquake effects and also contact with foodstuff. Hazards during decommissioning are not covered.*1.4 This European Standard deals with the technical requirements for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC).*1.5 This standard does not cover hazards during decommissioning and hazards generated by noise. It also does not cover operation in environments where the electromagnetic disturbances are outside the range of those specified in EN 61000-6-2.*This standard does not apply to conveying equipment and systems used underground or in public areas and to aircraft ground support equipment.*(...)
This International Standard defines the basic terminology and specifies the methodology and principles for risk assessment and risk reduction to help designers in achieving safety in the design of machinery. These principles reflect the knowledge and experience of the design, use, incidents, accidents, and risks associated with machinery, and provide the basis for assessing and for the removal of hazards or the reduction of risks during the relevant phases of the life cycle of machinery.*This International Standard is also intended to be used as a basis for the preparation of type-B or type-C standards. The provisions stated in this International Standard are intended for the designer.*This International Standard does not deal with risk and/or damage to domestic animals, property or the environment.*This International Standard gives guidance on the information required to allow risk assessment to be carried out. Procedures are described for identifying hazards and estimating and evaluating risk.*This International Standard provides guidance for decisions to be made on the safety of machinery and guidance on the type of documentation required to verify the risk assessment and risk reduction carried out.
This part of ISO 13732 provides temperature threshold values for burns that occur when human skin is in contact with a hot solid surface.*It also describes methods for the assessment of the risks of burning, when humans could or might touch hot surfaces with their unprotected skin.*This part of ISO 13732 also gives guidance for cases where it is necessary to specify temperature limit values for hot surfaces; it does not set surface temperature limit values.*NOTE 1 Such temperature limit values can be specified in specific product standards or in regulations in order to prevent human beings sustaining burns when in contact with the hot surface of a product.*This part of ISO 13732 deals with contact periods of 0,5 s and longer.*It is applicable to contact when the surface temperature is essentially maintained during the contact (see 4.1).*It is not applicable if a large area of the skin (approximately 10 % or more of the skin of the whole body) can be in contact with the hot surface. Neither does it apply to skin contact of more than 10 % of the head or contact which could result in burns of vital areas of the face.*NOTE 2 In some cases, the results of contact with a hot surface can be more serious for the individual, for example: *. burns resulting in the restriction of airways;*. large burns (more than 10 % of the body surface) that can impair the circulation by fluid loss;*. heating of a large proportion of the head or whole body that could lead to unacceptable heat strain even in the absence of burning.*This part of ISO 13732 is applicable to the hot surfaces of all kind of objects: equipment, products, buildings, natural objects, etc. For the purposes of simplification, it mentions only products; nevertheless, it applies to all other objects as well.*It is applicable to products used in any environment, e.g. in the workplace, in the home.*It is applicable to hot surfaces of products that may be touched by healthy adults, children, elderly people and also by people with physical disabilities.*It does not provide data for the protection against discomfort or pain.
This European Standard describes methods for the assessment of the risk of cold injury and other adverse effects when a cold surface is touched by bare hand/finger skin.*This standard provides ergonomics data to establish temperature limit values for cold solid surfaces. The values established can be used in the development of special standards, where surface temperature limit values are required.*The data of this standard will be applicable to all fields where cold solid surfaces cause a risk of acute effects: pain, numbness and frostbite.*The data are not limited to the hands but apply to human skin in general.*The standard is applicable to the healthy skin of adults (females and males). Considerations on the extension of applications are given in Annex B.
This part of ISO 13849 provides safety requirements and guidance on the principles for the design and integration of safety-related parts of control systems (SRP/CS), including the design of software. For these parts of SRP/CS, it specifies characteristics that include the performance level required for carrying out safety functions. It applies to SRP/CS, regardless of the type of technology and energy used (electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, etc.), for all kinds of machinery.*It does not specify the safety functions or performance levels that are to be used in a particular case.*This part of ISO 13849 provides specific requirements for SRP/CS using programmable electronic system(s).*It does not give specific requirements for the design of products which are parts of SRP/CS. Nevertheless, the principles given, such as categories or performance levels, can be used.*NOTE 1 Examples of products which are parts of SRP/CS: relays, solenoid valves, position switches, PLCs, motor control units, two-hand control devices, pressure sensitive equipment. For the design of such products, it is important to refer to the specifically applicable International Standards, e.g. ISO 13851, ISO 13856-1 and ISO 13856-2.*NOTE 2 For the definition of required performance level, see 3.1.24.*NOTE 3 The requirements provided in this part of ISO 13849 for programmable electronic systems are compatible with the methodology for the design and development of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems for machinery given in IEC 62061.*NOTE 4 For safety-related embedded software for components with PLr = e see IEC 61508-3:1998, Clause 7.*NOTE 5 See also Table 1.
ISO 13849-2:2012 specifies the procedures and conditions to be followed for the validation by analysis and testing of the specified safety functions, the category achieved, and the performance level achieved by the safety-related parts of a control system (SRP/CS) designed in accordance with ISO 13849-1.
This International Standard specifies functional requirements and design principles for the emergency stop*function on machinery, independent of the type of energy used to control the function.*It does not deal with functions such as reversal or limitation of motion, deflection, shielding, braking or*disconnecting, which can be part of the emergency stop function.*NOTE The requirements for the realization of the emergency stop function based on electrical/electronic technology*are described in IEC 60204-1.
This document covers the positioning of protective equipment with respect to the approach speeds of parts of the human body. This standard specifies parameters based on values for hand/arm and approach speeds and provides the methodology to determine the minimum distances from detection zones or actuating devices of protective equipment to a hazard zone. This standard specifies distances from the detection zone to the hazardous area. Protection against the risks from mechanical hazards arising from the ejection of solid or fluid materials and non-mechanical hazards such as toxic emissions, electricity, radiation etc. are not covered by this standard.
This International Standard specifies hygiene requirements of machines and provides information for the intended use to be provided by the manufacturer. It applies to all types of machines and associated equipment used in applications where hygiene risks to the consumer of the product can occur.*This International Standard does not cover requirements relative to the uncontrolled egress of microbiological agents from the machine.
IEC 60204-1:2016 applies to electrical, electronic and programmable electronic equipment and systems to machines not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner. The equipment covered by this part of IEC 60204 commences at the point of connection of the supply to the electrical equipment of the machine. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition published in 2005. It constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- added requirements to address applications involving power drive systems (PDS);
- revised electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) requirements;
- clarified overcurrent protection requirements;
- requirements for determination of the short circuit current rating of the electrical equipment;
- revised protective bonding requirements and terminology;
- reorganization and revision to Clause 9, including requirements pertaining to safe torque off of PDS, emergency stop, and control circuit protection;
- revised symbols for actuators of control devices;
- revised technical documentation requirements;
- general updating to current special national conditions, normative standards, and bibliographical references.
IEC 61000-6-4:2018 for emission requirements applies to electrical and electronic equipment intended for use within the environment existing at industrial (see 3.1.12) locations. This document does not apply to equipment that fall within the scope of IEC 61000-6-3. The environments encompassed by this document cover both indoor and outdoor locations. Emission requirements in the frequency range 9 kHz to 400 GHz are covered in this document and have been selected to provide an adequate level of protection of radio reception in the defined electromagnetic environment. No measurement needs to be performed at frequencies where no requirement is specified. These requirements are considered essential to provide an adequate level of protection to radio services. Not all disturbance phenomena have been included for testing purposes but only those considered relevant for the equipment intended to operate within the environments included within this document. Requirements are specified for each port considered. This generic EMC emission standard is to be used where no applicable product or product-family EMC emission standard is available.á This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 2006 and Amendment 1:2010 This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) possible future requirements on DC ports;
b) possible future radiated polarity specific emission limits within a FAR;
c) the definition of which average detector is used for emission measurements at frequencies above 1GHz and that results using a peak detector are acceptable for all measurements;
d) the definition of different EUT test arrangements.
Keywords: emission standard for industrial environments
IEC 61486-1:2020 specifies general requirements for the design, construction and testing of non-contact electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons or part of a person as part of a safety-related system. Special attention is directed to functional and design requirements that ensure an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A. This document is intended to be used with a subsequent part of IEC 61496 that provides particular requirements based on the sensing technology. Where a part covering the sensing technology does not exist, IEC TS 62998-1 is used. Where the IEC 61496 series does not contain all necessary provisions, IEC TS 62998-1 is used. It is an additional possibility to combine those aspects covered by the IEC 61496 series in addition to IEC TS 62998-1. This document does not specify the dimensions or configuration of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazards in any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. While a data interface can be used to control optional safety-related ESPE functions (Annex A), this document does not provide specific requirements. Requirements for these safety-related functions can be determined by consulting other standards (for example, IEC 61508 (all parts), IEC TS 62046, IEC 62061, and ISO 13849-1). This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example for the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, different requirements can be appropriate, for example when the materials that have to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons. This document does not deal with requirements for ESPE functions not related to the protection of persons (e.g. using sensing unit data for navigation). This document does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission requirements. IEC 61486-1:2020 cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2012. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) It has been clarified that some requirements for ESPEs that are dependent on sensing technology are not included in IEC 61496-1. They are provided in a subsequent part of IEC 61496. b) Requirements for protection against environmental influences from subsequent parts of IEC 61496 that are common to all ESPEs have been consolidated into IEC 61496-1. c) Some test procedures in IEC 61496-1 were incomplete. They have been expanded with more detail and step by step procedures. d) Some requirements and procedures in IEC 61496-1 are now covered by new generic machine safety standards. The requirements in IEC 61496-1 have been harmonized with references to the new generic standards.
IEC 61496-2:2020 specifies requirements for the design, construction and testing of electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) designed specifically to detect persons as part of a safety-related system, employing active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) for the sensing function. Special attention is directed to features which ensure that an appropriate safety-related performance is achieved. An ESPE can include optional safety-related functions, the requirements for which are given in Annex A of IEC 61496-1:2020 and of this document. This document does not specify the dimensions or configurations of the detection zone and its disposition in relation to hazardous parts for any particular application, nor what constitutes a hazardous state of any machine. It is restricted to the functioning of the ESPE and how it interfaces with the machine. Excluded from this document are AOPDs employing radiation at wavelengths outside the range 400 nm to 1 500 nm. This document can be relevant to applications other than those for the protection of persons, for example, the protection of machinery or products from mechanical damage. In those applications, additional requirements can be necessary, for example, when the materials that are to be recognized by the sensing function have different properties from those of persons. This document does not deal with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) emission requirements. IEC 61496-2:2020 cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2013. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) Requirements and test procedures in Part 2 that were found to be common to all ESPEs have been moved to Part 1. Test procedures that are dependent on the sensing technology remain in Part 2.
"IEC 61508-1:2010 covers those aspects to be considered when electrical/electronic/programmable electronic (E/E/PE) systems are used to carry out safety functions. A major objective of this standard is to facilitate the development of product and application sector international standards by the technical committees responsible for the product or application sector. This will allow all the relevant factors, associated with the product or application, to be fully taken into account and thereby meet the specific needs of users of the product and the application sector. A second objective of this standard is to enable the development of E/E/PE safety-related systems where product or application sector international standards do not exist. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages.
NEW! Also available: IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert."
"IEC 61508-3:2010 applies to any software forming part of a safety-related system or used to develop a safety-related system within the scope of IEC 61508-1 and IEC 61508-2; provides specific requirements applicable to support tools used to develop and configure a safety-related system within the scope of IEC 61508-1 and IEC 61508-2; requires that the software safety functions and software systematic capability are specified; establishes requirements for safety lifecycle phases and activities which shall be applied during the design and development of the safety-related software. These requirements include the application of measures and techniques, which are graded against the required systematic capability, for the avoidance of and control of faults and failures in the software; provides requirements for information relating to the software aspects of system safety validation to be passed to the organisation carrying out the E/E/PE system integration; provides requirements for the preparation of information and procedures concerning software needed by the user for the operation and maintenance of the E/E/PE safety-related system; provides requirements to be met by the organisation carrying out modifications to safety-related software; provides, in conjunction with IEC 61508-1 and IEC 61508-2, requirements for support tools such as development and design tools, language translators, testing and debugging tools, configuration management tools. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages. It has the status of a basic safety publication according to IEC Guide 104.
NEW! Also available: IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert."
"IEC 61508-5:2010 provides information on the underlying concepts of risk and the relationship of risk to safety integrity (see Annex A); a number of methods that will enable the safety integrity levels for the E/E/PE safety-related systems to be determined (see Annexes C, D, E, F and G). The method selected will depend upon the application sector and the specific circumstances under consideration. Annexes C, D, E, F and G illustrate quantitative and qualitative approaches and have been simplified in order to illustrate the underlying principles. These annexes have been included to illustrate the general principles of a number of methods but do not provide a definitive account. Those intending to apply the methods indicated in these annexes should consult the source material referenced. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998. This edition constitutes a technical revision. It has been subject to a thorough review and incorporates many comments received at the various revision stages.
NEW! Also available: IEC Standards+ 61508:2010, containing all parts, together with a commented Redline version. Changes made in this 2nd edition are highlighted and commented by a leading world expert."
IEC 62061:2005+A1:2012+A2:2015 specifies requirements and makes recommendations for the design, integration and validation of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems (SRECS) for machines (see Notes 1 and 2). It is applicable to control systems used, either singly or in combination, to carry out safety-related control functions on machines that are not portable by hand while working, including a group of machines working together in a co-ordinated manner. The contents of the corrigenda of July 2005 and April 2008 have been included in this copy. This consolidated version consists of the first edition (2005), its amendment 1 (2012) and its amendment 2 (2015). Therefore, no need to order amendments in addition to this publication.
ISO 12643-1:2009 provides safety specifications for the design and construction of new equipment used in prepress systems, printing press systems, binding and finishing systems, converting systems and stand‑alone platen presses. It is applicable to equipment used in a stand-alone mode, or in combination with other machines, including ancillary equipment, in which all the machine actuators (e.g. drives) of the equipment are controlled by the same control system.
The requirements given in ISO 12643-1:2009 are applicable to the equipment covered by all parts of ISO 12643, unless otherwise noted. ISO 12643-1:2009 is intended to be used in conjunction with the applicable part of ISO 12643 that contains additional requirements specific to a particular type of equipment.
ISO 12643-1:2009 addresses recognized significant hazards specific to equipment and systems in the following areas:
The safety principles established in ISO 12643-1:2009 can also be applicable to the design of equipment within areas of technology that are not specified in ISO 12643.
ISO 13849-2:2012 specifies the procedures and conditions to be followed for the validation by analysis and testing of the specified safety functions, the category achieved, and the performance level achieved by the safety-related parts of a control system (SRP/CS) designed in accordance with ISO 13849-1.
ISO 13850:2015 Standard specifies functional requirements and design principles for the emergency stop function on machinery, independent of the type of energy used.
It does not deal with functions such as reversal or limitation of motion, deflection of emissions (e.g. radiation, fluids), shielding, braking or disconnecting, which can be part of the emergency stop function.
The requirements for this International Standard apply to all machines, with exception to:
- machines where an emergency stop would not reduce the risk;
- hand-held or hand-operated machines.
NOTE The requirements for the realization of the emergency stop function based on electrical/electronic technology are described in IEC 60204‑1.
ISO 14118:2017 specifies requirements for designed-in means aimed at preventing unexpected machine start-up (see 3.2) to allow safe human interventions in danger zones (see Annex A).
ISO 14118:2017 applies to unexpected start-up from all types of energy source, i.e.:
- power supply, e.g. electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic;
- stored energy due to, e.g. gravity, compressed springs;
- external influences, e.g. from wind.
ISO 14118:2017 does not specify performance levels or safety integrity levels for safety-related parts of control systems. While available means to prevent unexpected start-up are identified, this document does not specify the means for the prevention of unexpected machine start-up for specific machines.
NOTE A type-C standard can define the required means for the prevention of harm arising from unexpected start-up. Otherwise, the requirements for a specific machine need to be determined by risk assessment outside the scope of this document.
ISO 14119:2013 specifies principles for the design and selection ? independent of the nature of the energy source ? of interlocking devices associated with guards.It covers the parts of guards which actuate interlocking devices. It does not necessarily provide all the specific requirements for trapped key systems.
ISO 14119:2013 provides measures to minimize defeat of interlocking devices in a reasonably foreseeable manner.
ISO 3864-1:2011 establishes the safety identification colours and design principles for safety signs and safety markings to be used in workplaces and in public areas for the purpose of accident prevention, fire protection, health hazard information and emergency evacuation. It also establishes the basic principles to be applied when developing standards containing safety signs.
ISO 3864-1:2011 is applicable to all locations where safety issues related to people need to be addressed. However, it is not applicable to the signalling used for guiding rail, road, river, maritime and air traffic and, generally speaking, to those sectors subject to a regulation which may differ.
ISO 3864-2:2016 establishes additional principles to ISO 3864‑1 for the design of safety labels for products, i.e. any items manufactured and offered for sale in the normal course of commerce, including but not limited to consumer products and industrial equipment. The purpose of a product safety label is to alert persons to a specific hazard and to identify how the hazard can be avoided.
ISO 3864-2:2016 is applicable to all products in all industries where safety-related questions can be posed. However, it is not applicable to safety labels used
- for chemicals,
- for the transport of dangerous substances and preparations and
- in those sectors subject to legal regulations which differ from certain provisions of this document.
The design principles incorporated in this document are intended to be used by all ISO Technical Committees and anyone designing product safety labels in the development of product safety label standards for their industries or services.
ISO 3864-3:2012 gives principles, criteria and guidance for the design of graphical symbols for use in safety signs as defined in ISO 3864‑1, and for the safety sign element of product safety labels as defined in ISO 3864‑2.
ISO 4413:2010 specifies general rules and safety requirements for hydraulic fluid power systems and components used on machinery as defined by ISO 12100. ISO 4413:2010 deals with all significant hazards associated with hydraulic fluid power systems and specifies the principles to apply in order to avoid those hazards when the systems are put to their intended use.
ISO 4413:2010 applies to the design, construction and modification of systems and their components, also taking into account the following aspects: assembly, installation, adjustment, uninterrupted system operation, ease and economy of maintenance and cleaning, reliable operation in all intended uses, energy efficiency and environment.
ISO 4414:2010 specifies general rules and safety requirements for pneumatic fluid power systems and components used on machinery as defined by ISO 12100. ISO 4414:2010 deals with all significant hazards associated with pneumatic fluid power systems and specifies principles to apply in order to avoid those hazards when the systems are put to their intended use.
ISO 4414:2010 applies to the design, construction and modification of systems and their components, also taking into account the following aspects: assembly, installation, adjustment, uninterrupted system operation, ease and economy of maintenance and cleaning, reliable operation in all intended uses, energy efficiency and environment.
ISO 4414:2010 does not apply to air compressors and the systems associated with air distribution as typically installed in a factory, including gas bottles and receivers.
Z136.1 provides guidance for the safe use of lasers and laser systems by defining control measures for each of seven laser hazard classifications. A practical means for accomplishing this is to (1) classify lasers and laser systems according to their relative hazards and to (2) specify appropriate controls for each classification. Once a laser or laser system is properly classified, there should be no need to carry out tedious measurements or calculations to meet the provisions of this standard. However, technical information on measurements, calculations and biological effects is also provided within the standard and its appendixes.
Delivers specifications for design, application, use, and placement of safety signs and labels on a wide variety of products.
Sets forth requirements for the design and location of product safety messages in collateral materials for a variety of products.
Adopted in all 50 states, NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC) is the benchmark for safe electrical design, installation, and inspection to protect people and property from electrical hazards.
NFPA 79 provides safeguards for industrial machinery to protect operators, equipment, facilities, and work-in-progress from fire and electrical hazards.
The requirements of this standard apply to new, modified or rebuilt industrial and commercial machinery which perform packaging functions for primary, secondary and tertiary packaging. Also included are: the conveying machinery used within the packaging functions; coordination of the packaging functions that take place in sequence on the production line; packaging related converting machinery. This standard does not apply to packaging machinery used by retail consumers.
1.1 These requirements cover industrial control panels intended for general industrial use, operating from a voltage of 1000 volts or less. This equipment is intended for installation in ordinary locations, in accordance with the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70, where the ambient temperature does not exceed 40C (104F) maximum. 1.2 These requirements also cover industrial control panel enclosures and industrial control panels primarily intended for flame safety supervision of combustible fuel type equipment, elevator control, crane or hoist control, service equipment use, marine use, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment, equipment for load management applications, fountain control, irrigation equipment control, and for control of industrial machinery including metalworking machine tools, power press controls, and plastic injection molding machinery. Also covered are industrial control panels intended for control of permanently installed electrical equipment for aquatic playgrounds, permanently installed electrical equipment associated with commercial water park rides, wave pools and similar installations, and permanently installed electrical equipment associated with commercial and large residential swimming pools and in-ground spas. 1.3 This equipment consists of assemblies of two or more power circuit components, such as motor controllers, overload relays, fused disconnect switches, and circuit breakers, or control circuit components, such as pushbuttons, pilot lights, selector switches, timers, and control relays, or a combination of power and control circuit components, with associated wiring, and terminals. These components are mounted on, or contained within, an enclosure, or are mounted on a sub-panel. 1.4 An industrial control panel does not include an evaluation of the controlled equipment such as motors, heaters, lighting, and other loads connected to power circuits. Unless specifically noted on the wiring diagram of the industrial control panel, an industrial control panel does not include equipment mounted remotely from the panel and connected via a wiring systems or equipment field installed on or within the industrial control panel. 1.5 An evaluation of the adequacy of the controls and protective devices contained in an industrial control panel for supervision and proper functioning of the controlled loads or equipment is not covered by the requirements in this standard. Such evaluations are covered by the standards applicable to the complete piece of utilization equipment. 1.6 The evaluation of a pre-fabricated building, structure, or platforms supplied with industrial control panels are not covered by the requirements in this standard. 1.7 Fire pump controllers are covered by the Standard for Fire Pump Controllers, UL 218. 1.8 Equipment intended for use in hazardous locations, as defined in the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70, are covered by the Standard for Explosion-Proof and Dust-Ignition-Proof Electrical Equipment for Use in Hazardous (Classified) Locations, UL 1203. 1.9 Industrial control panels incorporating intrinsic safety barriers and intended for connection to circuits residing in hazardous locations are covered by the Standard for Industrial Control Panels Relating to Hazardous (Classified) Locations, UL 698A. 1.10 Motor control centers, including motor control center sections and units, or equipment intended for field installation into a motor control center are covered by the Standard for Motor Control Centers, UL 845. 1.11 Assemblies of electrical control units or equipment containing electrical control units for fire-protective signaling systems are covered by the Standard for Control Units and Accessories for Fire Alarm Systems, UL 864. 1.12 A freestanding assembly of circuit breakers and busses for control of electric light and power circuits or equipment intended for field installation in dead-front switchboards are covered by the Standard for Switchboards, UL 891. 1.13 Equipment intended to supply automatic illumination, power, or both, to critical areas and equipment essential to safety of human life is covered by the Standard for Emergency Lighting and Power Equipment, UL 924. 1.14 Control equipment for use with swimming pools and spas is covered by the Standard for Electric Spas, Equipment Assemblies, and Associated Equipment, UL 1563. 1.15 Portable control panels containing switches, overcurrent protection, and cord connected via attachment plugs and receptacles for use at carnivals, circuses, fairs, exhibition halls, motion picture and television studios, theaters, construction sites and similar locations are covered by the Standard for Portable Power-Distribution Equipment, UL 1640. 1.16 Equipment for the control of fuel cells, photovoltaic systems, or utility interactive systems are covered by the Standard for Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for Use With Distributed Energy Resources, UL 1741. 1.17 Enclosures or pedestals containing terminals for connection of power circuit conductors are covered by the Standard for Termination Boxes, UL 1773. 1.18 Emergency alarm equipment or control panels containing emergency alarm equipment are covered by the Standard for General-Purpose Signaling Devices and Systems, UL 2017. 1.19 Equipment for gas or vapor detection or control panels containing gas or vapor detection equipment is covered by the Standard for Gas and Vapor Detectors and Sensors, UL 2075. 1.20 Control panels containing predominately communication equipment, such as telephone equipment and intended for installation in accordance with Chapter 8 of the NEC, is evaluated to the Standard for Information Technology Equipment û Safety û Part 1: General Requirements, UL 60950-1. 1.21 Control equipment intended for use in physical access control systems, which provide an attended or unattended means of monitoring or controlling traffic through portals of a protected area for security purposes; or in key management systems, which regulate or control access to the use of a device by electrical, electronic or mechanical means, are covered by the Standard for Access Control System Units, UL 294. 1.22 Electrically operated or mechanically operated control equipment or enclosures intended for theft deterrent or warning purposes, such as detectors, security containers or alarms for merchandise or property, are covered by the Standard for Antitheft Alarms and Devices, UL 1037. 1.23 Equipment primarily intended to energize or de-energize electrical loads to achieve the desired use of electrical power is covered by the Standard for Energy Management Equipment, UL 916. Such equipment is intended to control electrical loads by responding to sensors or transducers monitoring power consumption, by sequencing, by cycling the loads through the use of preprogrammed data logic circuits, or any combination thereof.
